Powering cell stress detection with world-class innovative technologies

CalRexin® breakthrough technologies are transforming our knowledge of complex cell stress mechanisms associated with countless diseases. Apop’s suite of proprietary CalRexin® imaging reagents target the Calcitonin receptor, a novel marker of stressed cells that are undergoing autophagy and apoptosis. Current diagnostic tools for cell stress mechanisms associated with programmed cell death and autophagy are inadequate, and this is critical to developing and validating novel treatments for a variety of diseases, including cancer, pathogenic infections and neurodegenerative conditions. CalRexin® imaging reagents (antibody:fluorophores) can be readily incorporated into standard workflows, provide exceptional image clarity and produce high fidelity data.

Apoptosis

CalRexin®:488| CalRexin®:568
CalRexin®:647| CalRexin®:680

CalRexin™ imaging reagents can be readily incorporated into workflows using standard laser-activated technology platforms. They are able to identify sub-populations of stressed (dying) cells and provide exceptional image clarity of cells undergoing apoptosis, just one of the processes associated with PCD identified so far. CalRexin™ can be utilized for live cell assays and unlike alternatives, are stable without the spectre of false positives.
CalRexin™ is a powerful addition to the PCD toolkit, that may lead to the development of new diagnostics and refined drug candidates for debilitating diseases and illnesses.

Pictured above: CalRexin:568 - stressed, early apoptotic cells have lost tubulin (green) and accumulate CalRexin: 568 (red).

Autophagy

CalRexin®:pHrodo™ Red is a first-in-class imaging reagent that identifies a novel marker of autophagy, namely activated calcitonin receptor. CalRexin®:pHrodo™ Red resists photobleaching and is extremely stable, properties that are essential for high throughput/content imaging of live cells over 24 hours at multiple timepoints. Unlike alternatives, CalRexin®:pHrodo™ Red passes through sequential structures of the autophagy pathway from early endosomes to autolysosomes where it fluoresces brightly in the low pH environment, illuminating multiple components of the autophagicprocess, in real time. CalRexin®:pHrodo™ Red provides exceptional, high-fidelity data and is utilised for primaryscreening of autophagy-modulating compounds from small molecule libraries on high throughput/content platforms,invaluable for drug discovery

Pictured above: CalRexin®:pHrodo™ Red live cell confocal imaging <72 hrs. Endosomes - CalRexin®:pHrodo™ Red
Lysosomes - LysoTrackerGreen
Hoechst3342 Blue Autolysosomes (merged) Yellow

The figure below shows a model in which calcitonin receptor (CTR) is externalised during pre-apoptotic cell stress

In this model CalRexin®:568 accumulates in the absence of α-tubulin within the lysosomes and with shrinkage of the cytoplasm results in a high fluorescent signal (taken from: Furness et al, 2016).

All Apop products are for Research Use Only (RUO). Not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.  

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